Are you familiar with these ancient houses?

Through the dusty Manchurian windows, the sunlight turns into colorful elves and shines on the mottled Nanyang flower steps, terrazzo stairs, cast iron flower handrails, and wood carvings. The door seems to tell a story that has been sealed for half a century.

Recently, the Guangzhou Municipal Land Resources and Planning Commission announced the \”Fifth Batch of Historical Building Protection and Utilization Plan in Guangzhou\”. The protection list includes Shanzheng Building, Yaolu, Zhuyuan, the former site of Huaying Hospital, and Yongan There are 103 sites including the company\’s old site, mainly located in historical buildings in the old city of Guangzhou. The planning is illustrated with pictures and texts.It recorded the characteristic decorations inside the historical buildings and unveiled the mystery of the historical buildings in the old city.

Aerial 3D map More detailed records

On December 11, after deliberation by the Guangzhou Municipal Cultural Relics Management and Historical and Cultural City Protection Committee, the Guangzhou Municipal Land Resources and Planning Commission officially announced the \”Fifth Batch of Historical Building Protection in Guangzhou\” According to the draft \”Utilization Plan\”, there are 103 historical buildings in the fifth batch, of which 27 are in Yuexiu District. They are public buildings, modern residences and architectural representatives of Guangzhou that embody the characteristics and value of Dongshan Western-style buildings. There are 76 buildings in Liwan District, which are representatives of commercial buildings and arcades in Guangzhou, reflecting the unique style and value of Xiguan.

This plan proposes four major principles for the use of historical buildings: legality, moderation, diversity and openness. Diversified utilization requires that the use of historical buildings should avoid homogeneity, adapt to the location characteristics of the location and the use needs of different communities, encourage moderately mixed multi-functional uses, and encourage qualified historical buildings to be open at regular times and by appointment. , listing introduction and other forms are open to the public.

According to reports, in October this year, after the announcement of the fourth batch of historical buildings in Guangzhou, according to the \”Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Cities, Towns and Villages\”, the \”Guangzhou Municipal Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Cities\”, and the \”Guangzhou Municipal In accordance with the requirements of the Measures for the Protection of Historic Buildings and Historic Feature Areas, the preparation of this batch of historical building protection and utilization plans was launched. This plan is based on the format of the first, second and third batches of historical building protection and utilization plans, and some provisions of the text have been adjusted in response to the practical needs of protection and management.

Different from the previous form of planning, the fifth batch of historical building protection plans has added aerial photos showing historical buildings and their surrounding environment; added planning management unit numbers; and included in the core value element information map A three-dimensional diagram that intuitively reflects the location distribution of value elements has been added, recording the current appearance of historical buildings with pictures and texts, and providing a reference for future protection of historical buildings and law enforcement after the buildings have been damaged.

In order to allow the public to fully understand the content of the draft and further solicit public opinions, the publicity period is: December 11, 2018 to January 9, 2019, for a period of 30 days. Citizens can express their opinions through relevant channels Reflect.

Special details should be protected

Nanyang-style diamond-shaped flower-step bricks, Manchurian windows inlaid with stained glass, wooden carved sliding doors, Chinese-style wooden partitions, arches, gables, stone Door cover (Shikumen)… The plan announced this time takes photos and archives the characteristic architectural decorations inside and outside the historical building, and clarifies the \”key protection parts\” of the historical building, so that the historical building can be protected during the repair process. these historical features.

Terrazzo stairs, cast iron handrails, and herringbone wooden floors are located inside the former site of the Guangzhou Alumni Association of French Students at No. 75, Wende North Road, Datang Street, Yuexiu District. It was designed by Guangzhou architect Lin Keming in 1934 The interior of the building still maintains the original style. After the founding of the People\’s Republic of China, the Guangzhou Alumni Association of French Students ceased its activities.The first floor was used for the offices of the South China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. It was once used as a warehouse but is now idle. The building was included in the fifth batch of historical building protection lists, providing physical information for the study of the life of Master Lin Keming.

According to the requirements of the \”Plan\”, historical buildings are protected in two categories based on their value, characteristics and integrity: the first category is the main facade, main structure, plane layout and characteristic decoration, and the historical environment elements are basically not allowed. Changes; Category II: parts, materials, structures, and decorations that reflect historical features and characteristics must not be changed.

According to reports, the characteristic parts, materials, structures and decorations of historical buildings refer to the components, materials, techniques and decorations that have a high concentration of value and fully reflect their characteristics. The identity of the characteristic parts identified as core value elements shall not be changed, and their positions shall not be adjusted in principle. The original carriers of the characteristic materials, structures and decorations identified as core value elements should be protected and encouraged to be referenced and absorbed in the renovation and utilization design of other parts of the historical building.

The above-mentioned documents place special emphasis on the protection of the main facades of historical buildings. The main facade that is determined as a core value element must not change its original shape, material, color, etc., as well as the original position and size of each door and window opening. Repairs or partial changes must be coordinated with the style and follow the principle of recognition. The original doors and windows are mainly repaired, and the doors and windows that really need to be replaced should be as harmonious in appearance and unified in style as possible.

Encourage the development of cultural and creative industries and prohibit the use of warehouses

The recent revitalization of the Yongqingfang historical and cultural district in Liwan District has attracted great attention from the society and is known as the Internet celebrity check-in in Guangzhou. How to revitalize the historical buildings listed above? In this regard, the Guangzhou Municipal State Planning Commission gave suggestions in the document. First, it is recommended to be used as a memorial venue, exhibition hall, museum, tourism, and leisure place to encourage the development of cultural creativity and carry out local cultural research; second, it is recommended to use historical buildings based on historical buildings. Characteristic scale, as a neighborhood committee, community discussion Halls, comprehensive family service centers, Starlight Home for the Elderly, property management (including owners committees), etc. In addition, they can also be used as medical and health facilities, such as community health service centers or service stations, rehabilitation service centers for the disabled; cultural and sports facilities, such as Cultural station, cultural room, community children\’s palace, etc.

For residential historical buildings, the \”Plan\” recommends that they should not affect the style of the historical building, do not damage the structural safety and core value elements of the historical building, and comply with professional management requirements such as structure, fire protection, and environmental sanitation. , it is appropriate to retain and continue the residential function, or be used as a B&B, inn, etc.

The Guangzhou Municipal State Planning Commission clearly requires in the release document that historical buildings are prohibited from being used as wholesale markets, factories (except traditional handicraft workshops), warehouses, water supply, electricity, heating, gas and other supply facilities, refueling and gas refueling stations, sanitation and environmental protection facilities. In addition to the above common prohibited functions, other prohibited functions of each historical building will be specially noted.

Renovation guidelines are clear and not one-size-fits-all

Nandu reporters learned that compared with the list of cultural relics protected buildings announced by the cultural relics department,The list of historical buildings announced by the planning department has relatively flexible protection requirements. It does not require permission from the cultural relics department for all changes. Some buildings that do not affect the original historical features, especially the facades, can be repaired and altered by the owners according to the requirements and guidelines. .

Currently, a large number of historical buildings have complex property rights. Some of them are private houses, managed public houses, etc. The buildings are seriously aged. If they cannot be repaired, they cannot meet the requirements for residential use. Therefore, all repairs must be reported. It is difficult to operate if the exterior wall of the building is peeling off or the building is infested by insects. Emergency repairs will affect building safety. Especially in Guangzhou, there are many brick and wood buildings in old buildings, which are more seriously aged. The repair guidelines are not clear enough, or the repair requirements are beyond the affordability of the owners. Some old buildings can only give up the overall repair. With the The old buildings are declining day by day, making it difficult for the historical and cultural blocks to show their original historical value.

Yang Huahui, a well-known cultural preservation volunteer in Guangzhou and founder of the cultural preservation group Ancient Guangdong Xiuse, said that in recent years, relevant departments have shifted from large-scale protection of historical and cultural blocks to gradually refining the protection of specific buildings and specific components. Protection, the guidance is more detailed and precise, allowing users and regulatory authorities to have more detailed documentation, which is an improvement in protection thinking.

The Xinhepu Historical and Cultural District Protection Plan came into effect as early as 2007, becoming the first historical and cultural district in Guangzhou to be protected contiguously. The block is characterized by a large number of \”Dongshan Xiaoyanglou\” built during the Republic of China. In the past ten years, Xinhepu area has become a must-visit destination for tourists coming to Guangzhou. \”One of the most popular scenic spots\”, how to protect \”Dongshan Xiaoyanglou\” has also become a topic of concern from all walks of life. This \”Plan\” will include No. 12 Chunyuan Back Street, No. 22 Peizheng Erheng Road, and No. 29 Xinhepu Erheng Road. Buildings have also been included in the list, further clarifying the protection priorities of the Xinhepu historical and cultural district. Yang Huahui believes that the protection plan is now becoming more and more detailed, providing clear guidance on what can and cannot be moved, and not applying one-size-fits-all, which is also an improvement in conservation thinking.

“Historic buildings are like antiques. If they are properly repaired and protected, the value of an antique will increase, which is a good thing for the owners of historical buildings.” Yang Huahui said.

Sample

Yuexiu explores new ways to protect and utilize historical buildings

Xinyuan: former official residence and today hotel

Yuexiu District is a thousand-year tradition of Guangzhou The location of the central axis is the area with the richest historical architectural remains in Guangzhou. According to statistics from the Yuexiu District Land Planning Department, as of February 2014, Guangzhou City promulgated the \”Guangzhou City Historic Buildings and Historic Areas Protection Measures\” and has announced a total of 721 historical buildings in 5 batches. There are 259 historical buildings within the jurisdiction of Yuexiu District. Department, accounting for 36%.

Three pilot sites were selected for the protection and utilization of historical buildings

How to revitalize and utilize historical buildings has always been a core topic in the protection of historical buildings.

The Yuexiu District Land and Planning Bureau stated that since 2018, Yuexiu District has conducted on-site surveys on several areas where historical buildings are concentrated.After a comprehensive analysis of the possibility and feasibility of the protection and utilization of historical buildings, it is recommended that Yanyun West Community, No. 5 Qiming Erma Road, and Xinyuan (No. 1 Wayaohouheng Street) be used as pilot projects for the protection and utilization of historical buildings to explore the protection of historical buildings. Use new paths, new models and new mechanisms to highlight the charm and style of historical and cultural cities and promote the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture.

In order to protect historical buildings, Yuexiu District has established a linkage mechanism for the protection of immovable cultural heritage with the district government as the subject of local responsibility and each sub-district office as the subject of daily inspections and on-site protection. All streets have strengthened inspections of historical buildings during grid inspections. When problems are discovered, they will be notified immediately and handled in conjunction with relevant departments to ensure timely discovery and timely resolution.

How to carry out daily repair and maintenance of historical buildings has always been a question for users of historical buildings. In accordance with the requirements of the Municipal Famous City Office, Yuexiu District implements graded repair management of historical buildings. If the person responsible for the protection of a historical building needs to repair the building, the person responsible for the protection should fill out the \”Guangzhou Historic Building Repair Consulting Service Application Form\” and consult the technical consulting agency for free whether the repair is a minor repair or a non-minor repair; if it is a minor repair, Submit the consultation form to the street for filing and then carry out repairs in accordance with the city\’s technical specifications for repairing historical buildings. If the repairs are not minor, you need to apply for a construction project planning permit from the Yuexiu District State Planning Bureau.

Revitalization gives Xinyuan new value

Xinyuan is one of the pilot projects for the protection and utilization of historical buildings in Yuexiu District. Xinyuan is located at No. 1, Wayaohouheng Street, Dongshan Street, Yuexiu District. It was built in 1923 and was the official residence of the first police commissioner of Guangzhou in the Republic of China. It is a small bungalow that combines Western architectural style with Lingnan architectural style. The main body has three floors. , with a total construction area of ​​approximately 200 square meters. The exterior wall is a clear red brick wall, with Western-style railings, terrazzo, flower-stepped bricks, glazed pottery bottles and other characteristic components retained.

In 2015, Xinyuan was rated as an architectural clue of traditional style. Before Xinyuan was revitalized, it was used as an ordinary residence. In 2016, Ms. Liu Feng, the person in charge of Xinyuan Ancient Building Hotel, reached an agreement with the property owner of Xinyuan No. 1, Wayaohouheng Street, to build Xinyuan into a Xinyuan Ancient Building Hotel with Lingnan cultural characteristics. Revitalization gives this old building new value. Entering the Xinyuan Ancient Building Hotel, Chinese rosewood furniture, Western-style fireplaces, Western-style chandeliers and other elements form a Dongshan style painting that combines Chinese and Western styles. Xinyuan Coffee in the hotel courtyard is hidden in a small western-style building, and the unique decoration becomes another attraction of Xinhepu. Red check-in point. The reporter checked the popular travel booking website and found that the nightly price of a Cantonese opera queen room in the Xinyuan Ancient Building Hotel was more than 1,400 yuan, and all the rooms were fully booked when searching for multiple dates. This shows that the hotel converted from a historical building is very popular.

Introduction to some of the fifth batch of historical buildings

●No. 9, Qiming 1st Road, Dadong Street, Yuexiu District. Built during the Republic of China, it is a brick-concrete structure with a height of 3 floors. The building is in early modern style, and the exterior walls are painted with stone. The front facade is divided into three parts. There are protruding balconies on both sides of the second and third floors. The middle part is a hexagonal block.The body is equipped with distinctive craftsmanship and components such as vertical decorative lines. It is a well-preserved early modern-style residential building in Yuexiu District.

●Yaolu Building is located at No. 5, Shuqian Street, Dadong Street, Yuexiu District. It was built during the Republic of China and is a 3-story brick-concrete structure. The building is in the early modern style, with red brick walls, a front facade of washed stone plaster, and a facade of four columns and three bays. There is a courtyard gate in front of the building, with the words \”Yao Lu\” on the forehead. There is a door in the middle of the first floor, with arches on it, and decorative components imitating the core stone in the middle. The building is in good preservation condition and is the best-preserved early modern-style Republic of China building in Yuexiu District.

The protective value elements of the building\’s exterior facade are well preserved; some door windows on the second and third floors of the east facade were later expanded and rebuilt, and external wires affected the aesthetics of the building\’s appearance; the interior protective value elements of the building are well preserved.

●Building No. 12 Chunyuan Back Street is located at No. 12 Chunyuan Back Street, Dongshan Street, Yuexiu District. It is located in the Xinhepu Historical and Cultural District. It was built during the Republic of China. The exterior facade is made of red bricks and the entrance facade Wash the water and wash the rocks. There are curved handrails on both sides of the building\’s entrance stairs, and a balcony on the second floor with Western-style railings. The top floor is equipped with unique crafts and components such as Western-style mountain flowers. The interior floor tiles, wooden stairs, wrought iron window grilles, and wooden framed stained glass windows are still retained. The building is in good preservation condition and is the best-preserved independent residence in the Republic of China period in Yuexiu District.

●Zhuyuan Building is located at No. 12-1 Xiguyuan Road, Dongshan Street, Yuexiu District. It is located in the Xinhepu Historical and Cultural District. It was built during the Republic of China and is 3 stories high. The building is an independent residence in a combination of Chinese and Western styles. The exterior is made of clear red brick walls, with a staircase in the middle. There are arched beams above the door and wrought iron window grilles inside. There are protruding balconies and wrought iron railings with unique patterns in the middle of each floor. The building is in good preservation condition and is the best-preserved independent residence in Yuexiu District that combines Chinese and Western styles during the Republic of China period.

The protective value elements of the building\’s exterior facade are well preserved. The external air conditioner and wires installed on the south facade of the building affect the facade style; the interior layout is well preserved.

●No. 12, Xiguyuan Road. The building is located at No. 12, Xiguyuan Road, Dongshan Street, Yuexiu District. It is located in the Xinhepu Historical and Cultural District and was built during the Republic of China. In the middle of the building, there are arches decorated in Islamic style. From 1946 to 1949, it was the Third District Highway Engineering Administration, from 1949 to 1953, it was the Guangzhou Material Supply Station of the South China Highway Engineering Command, and from 1953, it was the Transportation Department of the South China Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. The exterior wall of the building is made of clear red bricks, and the unique craftsmanship and components such as Western-style railings and Western-style columns are still retained. It is a rare large-scale independent residence combining Chinese and Western styles in Yuexiu District.

The protective value elements of the building\’s facade are generally well preserved. The entrance to the building on the south facade is full of debris, and the external hanging clothes, air conditioners and external pipelines are messy, which affects the beauty of the building\’s external facade. The protective value elements inside the building are generally preserved, and debris is piled everywhere, posing certain fire hazards.

Written by: Nandu reporter Wu Guangyu

Photography: Nandu reporter Liang Weipei